This study evaluates the effect of varying cellulose nanocrystal loading on tensile strength, modulus, and impact resistance of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biocomposites. Results show that low-loading CNC additions significantly improve stiffness while higher loadings require compatibilisation to avoid brittleness. Microstructural analysis and thermal stability are discussed.
Optimisation of Natural Rubber Vulcanisation Using Response Surface Methodology
Chinwe N. Okafor· University of Nigeria, Nsukka
March 2026Vol. 15, No. 2
natural rubbervulcanisationRSM
A response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used to optimise vulcanisation conditions for natural rubber. The paper presents a statistical model correlating cure temperature, sulfur content and accelerator level to mechanical performance metrics, yielding an optimised window that improves tensile properties and reduces cure time.
Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Fibre Reinforcement of Concrete: A Review
Ibrahim S. Yusuf· Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
March 2026Vol. 15, No. 2
PETwaste recyclingconcretepolymer composites
This review consolidates recent developments on using recycled PET fibres to reinforce concrete. It covers fibre extraction, treatment methods, composite fabrication, and reported effects on strength, toughness and durability, and suggests avenues for scaling recycling strategies in construction applications.
Enhancing the Thermal Stability of Low-Density Polyethylene with Zinc–Palm Kernel Ash Hybrid Fillers
Margaret E. Effiong· University of Uyo
February 2026Vol. 15, No. 1
LDPEpalm kernel ashthermal stabilitycomposites
Zinc–palm kernel ash hybrid fillers were incorporated into LDPE matrices to evaluate improvements in thermal stability and mechanical properties. Thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical testing indicate enhanced thermal degradation resistance and modest stiffness increases at optimal filler loadings.
Synthesis and Characterisation of Epoxidised Soybean Oil–Based Epoxy Resins
Saidu B. Abdullahi· Bayero University, Kano
January 2026Vol. 15, No. 1
epoxidationsoybean oilepoxy resin
We report the synthesis of epoxidised soybean oil-based epoxy resins using a solvent-free process. Characterisation by FTIR, DSC and mechanical testing shows that the bio-based resins achieve promising crosslink density and adhesive properties suitable for environmentally-friendly coatings and composites.
Water Absorption Kinetics of Banana-Fibre-Reinforced Recycled HDPE Composites
Ngozi P. Eze· Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka
December 2025Vol. 15, No. 1
banana fibreHDPEwater absorptioncomposites
This experimental study quantifies water absorption kinetics in banana-fibre-reinforced recycled HDPE composites. Fickian and non-Fickian diffusion behaviours are observed depending on fibre treatment, and recommendations for moisture-resistant composite processing are provided.
